Well, I was a bit apprehensive about applying heat, but it worked well. Some gentle heat with a small butane torch, followed by a firm twist and it started moving. Once I got it going it unscrewed easily! Nice to get it done, and I'll be trying that technique again on other stubborn fittings. (Especially since several days of applying penetrating oil didn't do anything.)
By the way, the size of the thread in the AIR injection manifold is the same as a 1/2" gas pipe. A trip to the hardware store got me a fitting to cap it off. (The AIR pump was removed by the previous owner, so until I get another one to install the check valves are not adding anything except preventing backfires!)